ArtSpeak 101
Definitions for the Elements and Principles of Art



You can also read the glossary of terms related to the
2001 Content Standards for Visual Arts


Note: The following definitions from pages 92-94 of the 1995 California Visual and Performing Arts Framework.

Color
Visual sensation dependent on the reflection or absorption of light from a given surface ("hue," "value," and "intensity" being the primary characteristics).




Line
An identifiable path of a point moving in space. It can vary in width, direction, and length.




Value
Light and dark; the gradations of light and dark on the surface of objects




Shape
A two-dimensional area or plane that may be organic or inorganic, free-form or geocentric, open or closed, natural or of human origin.




Balance
An equilibrium of similar, opposing, or contrasting elements that together create a unity.




Texture
The surface quality of material, either actual (tactile) or visual.




Symmetry
A balance in which elements are alike and will appear to demand one another as a line that falls in one direction demands a line that falls in another direction.


Asymmetry
A balance achieved through the use of unequal parts or elements.




Contrast
Use of opposites in close proximity (light and dark, rough and smooth).




Rhythm
The regular repetition of particular forms or stresses; also, the suggestion of motion.




Theme and Variation
Some dominant feature repeated with variations to give the work its dominant character.





December 1995.
Last revised February, 2014
By Tom March, tom at ozline dot com